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FLASH GENE
Symbol LGALS3 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 03-03-2017
HGNC name lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 3
HGNC id 6563
Location 14q22.3      Physical location : 55.595.934 - 55.612.147
Synonym name
  • Mac-2 antigen
  • galectin 3 internal gene
  • IgE-binding protein
  • carbohydrate-binding protein 35
  • laminin-binding protein
  • galactose-specific lectin 3
  • galectin 3
  • laminin-binding protein
  • Synonym symbol(s) CBP35, GALBP, LGALS2, MAC2, GALIG, L-31, GAL3
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 16.21 kb     6 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    Binding site
    text structure putative RUNX binding sites in the promoter
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    6 - 1017 31 250 - 2002 12439750
    6 - 744 - 200 - 2002 12439750
    EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousbrain     Homo sapiens
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Connectivecartilage   
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Lymphoid/Immunemacrophage
    Nervousastrocyte Homo sapiens
    Nervousglia Homo sapiens
    Skeletonosteoblast
    Skin/Tegumentmelanocyte Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines highly, in hepatocellar carcinoma
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a carbohydrate recognition domain
  • a trans-membrane-spanning domain
  • a leucine-zipper motif
  • a conserved beta-galactoside binding site that has been linked to many of their important functions in e.g. cell adhesion, signaling, and intracellular trafficking
  • a nuclear localization signal (NLS)-like motif
  • mono polymer homomer , heteromer , dimer , complex
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Lgals3 (85.7pc)
    homolog to rattus Lgals3 (83.5pc)
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • beta-galactoside-binding protein family
  • S type lectin (SH2 binding)
  • CATEGORY DNA associated
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,inner
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • cytoplasmic in adenomas and carcinomas
  • may be secreted by a non-classical secretory pathway and associated with the cell surface
  • predominantly localized to the cell body peripherally along the Golgi zone
  • basic FUNCTION
  • multifunctional carbohydrate high affinity binding protein for advanced glycation end products (AGE)
  • playing a role in the process of metastasis in non small cell lung cancer
  • chemoattractant for monocyte and macrophage
  • potentially involved in myeloid cell differentiation
  • involved in the regulation of gene transcription when located in the nucleus
  • may function as an immune regulator to inhibit T-cell immune responses and promote tumor growth, thus providing a new mechanism for tumor immune tolerance
  • inhibitory regulator of T-cell activation and functions intracellularly by promoting TCR down-regulation, possibly through modulating PDCD6IP function at the immunological synapse
  • may exert anti or proapoptotic activity depending on the cell type and the nature of stimulus
  • promotes cell migration during re-epithelialization of corneal wounds
  • may mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration
  • may exhibit anti- or pro-apoptotic activity depending on its localization and post-translational modifications
  • modulates VEGFA- and FGF2-mediated angiogenesis by binding via its carbohydrate recognition domain
  • involved in RNA processing and cell cycle regulation through activation of transcription factors when translocated to the nucleus
  • LGALS3-dependent regulation of MUC1/EGFR functions may represent an interesting mechanism modulating the EGFR-stimulated cell growth of pancreatic cancer cells
  • having a critical role in embryo implantation
  • promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation, thus contributing to myelin integrity and function with critical implications in the recovery of inflammatory demyelinating disorders
  • regulates proliferation and migration in cancer and is expressed by activated macrophages after brain injury
  • important in subventricular zone neuroblast migration, possibly through an EGFR-based mechanism, and playing a role in the uninjured brain
  • like its role with the EGF and TGFB receptors, contributes to the plasma membrane retention and proangiogenic function of KDR
  • crucial role of cytosolic LGALS3 in controlling intracellular trafficking and cell surface expression of EGFR after EGF stimulation
  • role in stabilizing a desmosomal cadherin and intercellular adhesion in intestinal epithelial cells
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, antiapoptosis
    cell organization/biogenesis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS inflammation
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • complexed with ITGA3, ITGB1 and CSPG4
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • binding to cysteine and histidine rich protein 1
  • binding to asialofetuin, laminin
  • enhancing cyclin D1 promoter activity in epithelial breast cells
  • interacting with RUNX1, RUNX2, RUNX3 (potential regulation by these factors in hematopoietic, skin, and dorsal root ganglial cells)
  • interacting with LGALS3BP, LYPD3 and UACA
  • IgE binding
  • interacting with ANPEP
  • regulates DSG2 and intestinal epithelial intercellular adhesion
  • interaction of LGALS1 and LGALS3 with CD6 and CD166/ALCAM might modulate some relevant aspects of T cell physiology
  • LGALS3 is a regulatory component in melanin synthesis affecting the expression of TYRP1
  • binding of LGALS3 to MUC1 enhances likely the recruitment of SP1, leading to promotion of the transcription of TACSTD2
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by the MUC1 C-terminal subunit by suppressing expression of miRNA322 that destabilize glectin-3 transcripts
    Phosphorylated by ABL1 (tyrosines at positions 79, 107 and 118 can be phosphorylated by c-Abl kinase, ABL1)
    Other translocated to the nucleus, in part, via the importin-alpha/beta route and Arg(224)AA is essential for its active nuclear translocation and its molecular stability
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in non-small- cell lung cancer with metastasis
    tumoral     --over  
    or low expressed in gastric cancer
    tumoral     --over  
    in nuclei of papillary thyroid cancer cells
    tumoral     --over  
    at the mRNA level in pancreatic cancer and strongly expressed in the majority of pancreatic cancer cell lines
    tumoral     --over  
    in epithelial ovarian carcinoma correlated with shorter progression-free survival
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • LGALS3, LGALS4 may be potential noninvasive markers for the identification of Parkinson disease and advanced stages
  • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS